Plastic surgery is a medical procedure with the purpose
of altering or restoring the form of the body. Though cosmetic or aesthetic
surgery is the most well known kind of plastic surgery, plastic surgery itself
is not necessarily considered cosmetic; and includes many types surgeries such
as reconstructive surgery, craniofacial surgery,
hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns.
The use of surgery is usually to restore the form and
function of the body; maxillo-facial surgeons, plastic surgeons and otolaryngologists
perform surgery to reconstruct the faces after trauma and to reconstruct the
head and neck after cancer.Plastic surgeons use the reconstructive ladder to
deal with
wounds. This ranges from very simple techniques such as
primary closure and dressings to more complex skin grafts, tissue expansion and
free flaps.
Development of Plastic surgery services and treatments.
The father of modern plastic surgery is Sir Harold
Gillies, a New Zealand otolaryngologist working in London, who developed many
of the techniques of modern facial surgery for soldiers suffering from
disfigured facial injuries during the First World War. Biomaterials are plastic
implants used to correct or replace damaged body parts. The process involves
scientific and medical research to ensure that the biomaterials are
biocompatible and that they can assume the mechanical and functioning roles of
the components they are replacing. A successful implantation can best be
achieved by a team that understands not only the anatomical, physiological,
biochemical and pathological aspects of the problem, but also comprehends bioengineering.
Cellular and tissue engineering is crucial to know for reconstructive
procedures.
Treatments and Services
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons have been working for
every specialist who studies plastic surgical techniques or works in conjunction
with a plastic surgeon. The innovative techniques for cosmetic and
reconstructive procedures (including breast, hand, pediatric, craniofacial,
burn, experimental, peripheral nerve) –are used. The cosmetic sector provides
expanded coverage on new procedures and techniques
Cosmetic surgery procedures include breast enhancement, reduction
and lift, face lift, forehead lift, upper and lower eyelid surgery
(blepharoplasty), laser skin resurfacing (laser resurfacing), chemical peel,
nose reshaping (rhinoplasty), reconstruction liposuction, nasal reconstruction
using the paramedian flap, as well as tummy tuck (abdominoplasty)
Techniques and procedures
In plastic surgery, the transfer of skin tissue (skin
grafting) is a very common procedure. Skin grafts can be derived from the recipient
or donors:
·
Autografts are
taken from the recipient. If absent or deficient of natural tissue,
alternatives can be cultured sheets of epithelial cells in vitro or synthetic
compounds, such as integra, which consists of silicon and bovine tendon collagen
with glycosaminoglycans.
·
Allografts are
taken from a donor of the same species.
·
Xenografts are
taken from a donor of a different species.Usually, good results are
expected from plastic surgery if proper care and planning of post surgeries is
done.
Reconstructive surgery
Reconstructive plastic surgery is done to correct burns;
traumatic injuries, such as facial bone fractures and breaks; congenital abnormalities,
such as cleft palates or cleft lips; developmental abnormalities; infection and
disease; and cancer or tumors. Reconstructive plastic surgery is usually
performed to improve function, but it may be done to approximate a normal
appearance. The most common reconstructive procedures are tumor removal, laceration
repair, scar repair, hand surgery, and breast reduction plasty. Some other
common reconstructive surgical procedures include breast reconstruction after a
mastectomy for the treatment of cancer, cleft lip and palate surgery,
contracture surgery for burn survivors, and creating a new outer ear when one is
congenitally absent.
Plastic surgeons use microsurgery to transfer tissue for
coverage of a defect when no local tissue is available. Free flaps of skin, muscle,
bone, fat, or a combination may be removed from the
body, moved to another site on the body, and reconnected
to a blood supply by suturing arteries and veins as small as 1 to 2 millimeters
in diameter.
Cosmetic surgery
Cosmetic surgery is an optional procedure that is
performed on normal parts of the body with the only purpose of improving a person’s
appearance and/or removing signs of aging. Nineteen of
the procedures are surgical, such as rhinoplasty or
facelift. The removal nonsurgical procedures include Botox and laser.
Kharghar Medicity Hospital is the best multi specialty
hospital in Kharghar and is equipped with all the latest technology. It has all
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of ailments.